Electromagnetic radiation includes which of the following wave types?

Electromagnetic radiation encompasses a broad spectrum of wave types, all of which share the characteristic of traveling at the speed of light in a vacuum. The correct choice mentions radio waves, microwaves, and gamma rays, which are all forms of electromagnetic radiation.

Radio waves have long wavelengths and are commonly used in communication technologies, such as radios and televisions. Microwaves have shorter wavelengths and are used for cooking and in certain communication applications, such as Wi-Fi. Gamma rays possess extremely short wavelengths and high energy, frequently associated with nuclear reactions and certain astrophysical phenomena.

The other options fail to recognize the comprehensive nature of electromagnetic radiation. Sound waves, as referenced in one option, are mechanical waves and do not belong to the electromagnetic spectrum. Heat, while associated with infrared radiation (a type of electromagnetic radiation), also includes thermal energy, which does not classify as a wave in the electromagnetic spectrum. Thus, the best representation of electromagnetic wave types is reflected in the correct answer.