What happens during the decay of unstable atoms?

During the decay of unstable atoms, they undergo a process where they emit radiation. This occurs as the nucleus of the atom seeks stability. Unstable atoms, or radioactive isotopes, have an excess of energy or mass that allows them to release this surplus in the form of radiation. This radiation can include alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays. The emission of radiation is a fundamental characteristic of radioactive decay and is a key aspect of how these atoms transform.

While it is true that the decay process can lead to changes in the atomic structure, such as the alteration of protons and neutrons, the primary observable phenomenon during this decay is the release of radiation. This radiation can be detected and measured, and it is what poses potential risks in terms of radiation exposure and safety. Understanding this process is crucial in fields such as nuclear physics, medicine, and radiation safety.