What key feature distinguishes a periapical image from a bitewing image?

A periapical image is specifically designed to capture the entire tooth, including the root, apex, and surrounding structures such as the supporting bone and periodontal ligaments. This comprehensive view is crucial in diagnosing issues like periapical infections or bone loss. The ability to visualize the apex and its surrounding anatomy is what truly differentiates it from a bitewing image, which primarily focuses on the crowns of adjacent teeth and the interproximal areas but does not show the roots or the bone structure surrounding the teeth.

In contrast, bitewing images are utilized for assessing dental caries and the relationship between upper and lower teeth in a specific area. While they are effective for visualizing cavities between teeth, they do not provide information on the teeth's roots or apex. Therefore, the key feature that makes periapical images distinct is their inclusion of the apex and surrounding structures, which is essential for a thorough assessment of dental health.