Which term refers to the amount of radiation absorbed by an individual?

The term that refers to the amount of radiation absorbed by an individual is known as the absorbed dose. This measurement quantifies the energy deposited by ionizing radiation in a given mass of tissue, typically expressed in units such as grays (Gy). Absorbed dose is crucial for understanding the potential biological effects of radiation exposure, as it directly relates to the biological impact on the tissues receiving the radiation.

Effective dose, while also important in radiation protection, is a concept that takes into account the type of radiation and the sensitivity of different tissues and organs to radiation damage, providing a more comprehensive risk assessment for potential health effects. It is not solely focused on the actual amount of energy absorbed.

Incident dose is not a standard term widely used in radiation safety and has no specific definition in that context, making it less relevant to the question.

Calculated dose may suggest a derived or estimated amount of radiation based on various factors but lacks a specific definition relating directly to individual absorption in the same way as absorbed dose does.

Overall, the absorbed dose is the most precise term related to the quantification of radiation energy deposition in an individual.